Chloromethane solution 氯甲烷溶液

CAS 74-87-3 MFCD00000872

化学结构图

74-87-3
SMILES: CCl

化学属性

Mol. FormulaCH3Cl
Mol. Weight50.49
Autoignition Point1169 °F
Vapor Density1.74 (vs air)
Boiling Point-24.2 °C(lit.)
Vapor Pressure3796 mmHg ( 20 °C)
Density0.915 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Melting Point-97 °C(lit.)
Flash Point<;-30 °F
Refractive index1.0007
Solubility易溶于水、乙醇、氯仿等。

别名和识别编码

Chemical NameChloromethane solution
CAS Number74-87-3
PubChem Substance ID6327
EC Number200-817-4
MDL NumberMFCD00000872
Synonym (mono)chloromethane (一)氯甲烷 Artic CH3Cl CH3Cl (chloro-methane) CHLOROMETHANE Chloor-methaan Chlor-methan Chlormethan Chloromethane Chloromethane 100 µg/mL in Methanol {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {}
Beilstein Registry Number1696839
Chemical Name Translation氯甲烷溶液
Merck Number6041
Wiswesser Line NotationG1
LabNetwork Molecule IDLN02127209
Reaxys-RN1696839
InChIInChI=1S/CH3Cl/c1-2/h1H3
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分类

  • {SNA} Alkyl, Building Blocks, Chemical Synthesis, Halogenated Hydrocarbons, Organic Building Blocks
  • {uni_hamburg} no charge; 1fragment
  • Allergens, Alpha Sort, Alphabetic, Analytical Standards, Analytical/Chromatography, Application, C, CFCs, CH, Chromatography, Cosmetic Standards, Cosmetics, Environmental Standards, Volatiles/ Semivolatiles
  • {SNA} Chemical Synthesis, Specialty Gases, Synthetic Reagents

相关文献及参考

  • Merck 14 ,6041
  • Beil. ,59
  • Sax 6 , 730 / Structure Index 1 , 7:A:1
  • Short: II/14a Title: Molecular Constants: Diamagnetic Molecules Author: Demaison, J.; Dubrulle, A.; Hüttner, W.; Tiemann, E. Editor: Hellwege, K.-H.; Hellwege, A.M. Source: Landolt-Börnstein, New Series Volume: II/14a Page: 1-788 Year: 1982 Keyword: organic compounds; molecular constants; spectroscopy; microwave spectroscopy ISBN: 3-540-11365-7 ISBN: 978-3-540-11365-2 Internet Resource: DOI:10.1007/b19966 RefComment: 196 figs., XI
  • Short: II/19a Title: Molecular Constants: Rotational, l-type, Centrifugal Distortion and Related Constants of Diamagnetic Diatomic, Linear, and Symmetric Top Molecules Author: Demaison, J.; Hüttner, W.; Tiemann, E.; Wlodarczak, G. Editor: Hüttner, W. Source: Landolt-Börnstein, New Series Volume: II/19a Year: 1992 Keyword: organic compounds; molecular constants; spectroscopy; microwave spectroscopy ISBN: 3-540-54409-7 ISBN: 978-3-540-54409-8 Internet Resource: DOI:10.1007/b42304 RefComment: XI, 143 pages. Abstract: Volume II/19 Molecular Constants mostly from Microwave, Molecular Beam and Sub-Doppler Laser Spectroscopy is a supplement to the earlier volumes II/4, II/6, and II/14. The slight change in the title reflects current trends in the applications of spectroscopic methods. Together, the four volumes collect all the critically evaluated data published up to 1989/90 on constants of free molecules obtained by classical and modern spectroscopy. Volume II/19 is divided into four parts to record the growing number of investigations, especially in the microwave and millimeter wave regions, where modern techniques like Fourier Transform Microwave Spectroscopy have made new objects of interest such as molecular complexes and clusters accessible to study. Subvolume II/19a contains a general introduction and tables of rotational and centrifugal distortion constants of diamagnetic, diatomic, lin

安全信息

GHS Symbol
WGK Germany2
Hazard Codes F+,Xn F,T F+,Xn,T,F
Hazard statements
  • H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness 肯能导致嗜睡或头晕
  • H224 Extremely flammable liquid and vapour 极端易燃液体和蒸气
  • H302 Harmful if swallowed 吞食有害
  • H351 Suspected of causing cancer 怀疑致癌
  • H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour 高度易燃液体和蒸气
  • H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child 怀疑对生育能力或未出生婴儿造成伤害
  • H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated 内含高压气体，遇热可能爆炸。
  • H220 Extremely flammable gas 极易燃气体。
  • H373 May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure 长期或频繁接触可能会损伤器官
  • H420 Harmspublichealthandtheenvironmentbydestroyingozoneintheupperatmospere 通过破坏上层大气臭氧层而危害公众健康和环境。
Precautionary statements
  • P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.? 只能在室外或通风良好的地方使用。
  • P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. 远离热源/火花/明火/热的表面。——禁止吸烟。
  • P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 避免吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
  • P281 Use personal protective equipment as required. 使用所需的个人防护装备。
  • P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 处理内容物/容器.....
  • P301+P312+P330
  • P403 Store in a well-ventilated place. 储存在通风良好的地方。
  • P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
  • P377 Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely. 漏气着火：切勿灭火，除非漏气能够被安全地制止。
  • P502 Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling 回收/循环再生产的信息，请参阅制造商/供应商
  • P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
  • P403+P233
  • P302+P352+P332+P313+P362+P364
  • P201 Obtain special instructions before use. 使用前获取专门指示。
  • P240 Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. 与地面接触/连接集装箱和接受设备。
  • P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. 使用本产品时不要吃东西，喝水或吸烟。
  • P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 处理后要彻底洗净双手。
  • P304+P340+P312
  • P305+P351+P338+P337+P313
  • P308+P311
  • P241+P242+P243
  • P410+P403
  • P405 Store locked up. 上锁保管。
  • P233 Keep container tightly closed. ?保持容器密闭。
  • P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. 已阅读并理解所有的安全预防措施之前，切勿操作。
Signal word Danger
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US)
RTECSPA6300000
Risk Statements
  • R12 Extremely flammable 极端易燃
  • R22 Harmful if swallowed 吞咽有害
  • R19 May form explosive peroxides 可能生成易爆的过氧化物质
  • R40 Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect 有限证据表明其致癌作用
  • R66 Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking 反复接触可能导致皮肤干燥或皴裂
  • R67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness 蒸汽可能导致嗜睡和昏厥
  • R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility 有削弱生殖能力的危险
  • R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child 可能危害未出生婴儿
  • R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
  • R48/20
  • R38 Irritating to skin 刺激皮肤
  • R23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed 吸入及吞食都有毒
Safety Statements
  • S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves 穿戴适当的防护服和手套；
  • S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking 远离火源，禁止吸烟；
  • S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place 保持容器在通风良好的场所；
  • S36 Wear suitable protective clothing 穿戴适当的防护服；
  • S7 Keep container tightly closed 保存在严格密闭容器中；
  • S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges 对静电采取预防措施；
  • S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) 发生事故时或感觉不适时，立即求医（可能时出示标签）；
  • S24 Avoid contact with skin 避免皮肤接触；
  • S29 Do not empty into drains 不要排入下水道；
Hazard Class3
Storage condition 2-8°C 0-10°C
UN Number UN 1993 3/PG 1 1993
Warnings 危化品目录(2015) 
TYPE OF TEST            : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human
DOSE/DURATION           : 20000 ppm/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified
   Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
   Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
   34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York,
   Academic Press, Inc., 1969  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,386,1969

TYPE OF TEST            : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION           : 129 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - general anesthetic
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
   AHBAAM Archiv fuer Hygiene und Bakteriologie.  (Munich, Fed. Rep. Ger.)
   V.101-154, 1929-71.  For publisher information, see ZHPMAT.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 116,131,1936

TYPE OF TEST            : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 5300 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single
   Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects,
   GKNT, 1982  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,82,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : LCLo

TYPE O

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 1800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J.,

TYPE OF TEST            : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat Liver
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 pph
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 162,219,1986

TYPE OF TEST            : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Embryo
DOSE/DURATION           : 6 mL/plate
REFERENCE :
   EVSRBT Environmental Science Research.  (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St.,
   New York, NY 10013) V.1-    1972-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,75,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : Phage inhibition capacity
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 pph
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 263,107,1991

TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION           : 3 pph
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 155,75,1985

TYPE OF TEST            : Dominant lethal test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 3000 ppm/6H/5D (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
   TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
   First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1-    1959-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   77,133,1985

TYPE OF TEST            : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM             : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION           : 25000 ppm
REFERENCE :
   DHEFDK HEW Publication (FDA. United States).  (Washington, DC)  ?-1979(?).
   For publisher information, see HPFSDS.  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   FDA-78-1046,1978

TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 1500 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION            : female 7-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,181,1983

TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 2000 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION            : male 5 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material,
   sperm morphology, motility, and count)
REFERENCE :
   JACTDZ Journal of the American College of Toxicology.  (Mary Ann Liebert,
   Inc., 1651 Third Ave., New York, NY 10128)  V.1-12, 1982-1993. Discontinued.
    Volume(issue)/page/year: 4(1),224,1985

TY

TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SP

TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE                    : 500 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION            : female 6-17 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
   (circulatory) system
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,197,1983

Packing GroupII
Restrict 危险品

其他信息

  • 爆炸物危险特性:与空气混合明火、受热可爆
  • 急性毒性:吸入-大鼠LC50:5300 毫克/立方米/4小时; 口服-大鼠LD50:1800 毫克/公斤
  • 下游产品:三甲基氯硅烷 --> 2-氨基-5-甲基吡啶 --> 甲硫醇,压力包装,约为22克。 --> 二氯二甲基硅烷 --> 甲基纤维素 --> 氟虫腈 --> 姜黄素 --> 1,2,4,5-四甲苯 --> 2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)丙烷聚碳酸酯 --> 甲基三氯硅烷 --> 羟丙基甲基纤维素 --> 邻苯二甲醚 --> 2-正丁基-2-苯基-3-(1H-咪唑-1-基)丙腈 --> 缩节胺 --> 头孢地尼 --> 三氟苯唑 --> 麦草畏 --> 十八烷基三甲基氯化铵 --> 咪唑磺隆 --> 烯草酮 --> 法罗培南钠 --> 聚乙二醇二甲醚 --> 二硫基乙酸异辛酯二甲基锡 --> 氯甲基硅烷 --> 异戊二烯-异丁基的共聚物 --> 2-氯丙烯基异硫氰酸酯 --> 甲基二氯硅烷 --> 丁二酰氯 --> 醋硫葡金 --> 氯化三甲基椰子油铵 --> 2,4-戊二烯醛 --> 4,4-二甲基异噁唑-3-酮
  • 用途一:用于生产甲基氯硅烷、四甲基铅、甲基纤维素等，少量用于生产季铵化合物、农药，在异丁橡胶生产中用作溶剂
  • 毒性分级:中毒
  • 储运特性:库房通风低温干燥; 轻装轻卸; 与氧气、空气等助燃气体钢瓶分开存放
  • 上游原料:盐酸 --> 甲醇 --> 氯 --> 四氯化碳 --> 氯化锌 --> 酸性氧化铝 --> 三氯乙醛 --> O,O-二甲基-(2,2,2-三氯-1-羟基乙基)磷酸酯 --> 磷胺 --> 久效磷
  • MOL 文件:74-87-3.mol
  • 防护措施:有毒。小鼠LC0.003146。由于氯甲烷具有香气，作用缓慢（迟效性），刺激和麻醉作用都较弱，即使到了危险浓度，中毒者仍感觉不到，因此慢性中毒的情况较多。工作场所空气中最高容许浓度80mg/m3。长时间吸入少量蒸气会发生慢性或亚急性中毒，从眩晕、酒醉样症状进而引起食欲不振、嗜睡、行走不使、行动失灵等，还可能出现视觉障碍。大量吸入会损害心肌，与液体氯甲烷接触，可致冻伤。症状严重时，则呈现痉挛、昏睡而致死。中毒后应立即离开现场，急救治疗。
  • 蒸气压:3796 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
  • 可燃性危险特性:明火、受热可燃; 燃烧产生有毒氯化物烟雾
  • 外观性质:无色气体，有醚样的微甜气味。
  • Sigma Aldrich:74-87-3(sigmaaldrich)
  • 用途二:有机合成的重要原料。主要用来生产有机硅化合物-甲基氯硅烷，以及甲基纤维素。还广泛用作溶剂、提取剂、推进剂、致冷剂、局部麻醉剂、甲基化试剂，用于生产农药、医药、香料等。全世界生产的氯甲烷中，约80%用来生产甲基氯硅烷和四甲基铅，但由于汽油中的抗爆化合物正逐渐由无铅物代替，因此四甲基铅的消费逐渐下降。
  • 类别:可燃气体
  • 灭火剂:雾状水、泡沫
  • 方法一:氯甲烷的生产方法较多，包括甲烷氯化法、甲醇氯化法、光氯化法、氧氯化法等。一些工业过程也副产氯甲烷，例如敌百虫、三氯乙醛、天然气氯化制四氯化碳及磷胺等的生产过程。1.甲烷热氯化法 由甲烷直接氯化而成，然后从生成的各种氯化物中分离而得。此法生产流程与二氯甲烷生产相似。在420℃反应条件下，配比为甲烷：氯气=10-6：1时，主要得到氯甲烷。2.甲醇氯化法 由甲醇与氯化氢作用而得。此法又分液相法和气相法。（1）液相法 甲醇气体和盐酸在氯化锌水溶液中，于130-140℃下反应生成氯甲烷，再经水洗、冷却、压缩、冷凝而得。（2）气相法 在350℃使甲醇和氯化氢气体通过固体氧化铝催化剂反应而成。此外，曹德公司以甲醇和氯为原料，制取氯甲烷，对高温气相法有所改进，已实现工业化。3.甲烷氧氯化法它采用连续循环的熔融无机盐作催化剂，经催化氮
  • 常规方法:经加压液化后在500kg或1000kg钢瓶或槽车中贮运。装料量为300kg或500kg，禁止超装。与空气形成爆炸性混合物，爆炸极限8.1%～17.2%(体积），处理、贮运均应通风良好，避免曝晒，保持在40℃以下。按有毒物品规定贮运。

系列性分类

  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Synthetic Reagents 合成试剂
  3. Specialty Gases 特种气体
  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Synthetic Reagents 合成试剂
  3. Specialty Gases 特种气体
  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Building Blocks 合成砌块
  3. Organic Building Blocks 有机砌块
  4. Halogenated Hydrocarbons 卤代烃
  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Building Blocks 合成砌块
  3. Organic Building Blocks 有机砌块
  4. Halogenated Hydrocarbons 卤代烃
  1. Chemical Synthesis 化学合成
  2. Building Blocks 合成砌块
  3. Organic Building Blocks 有机砌块
  4. Halogenated Hydrocarbons 卤代烃
  5. Alkyl 烷基卤代烃
  1. Analytical & Chromatography 分析化学与色谱
  2. Analytical Standards
  3. Application - Analytical Standards
  4. Cosmetics - Application
  5. Allergens - Cosmetics
  6. CFCs - Allergens
  1. Analytical & Chromatography 分析化学与色谱
  2. Analytical Standards
  3. Alphabetic - Analytical Standards
  4. C - Alphabetic
  5. CH - C
  1. Research Essentials 基础科研
  2. Essential Chemicals - Research Essentials
  3. Inorganic Salts, Solutions and Reagents - Essential Chemicals
  4. Gas in Solutions 气体溶液
  1. Research Essentials 基础科研
  2. Essential Chemicals - Research Essentials
  3. Inorganic Salts, Solutions and Reagents - Essential Chemicals
  4. Gas in Solutions 气体溶液
  1. Research Essentials 基础科研
  2. Essential Chemicals - Research Essentials
  3. Inorganic Salts, Solutions and Reagents - Essential Chemicals
  4. Gas in Solutions 气体溶液
  1. Research Essentials 基础科研
  2. Essential Chemicals - Research Essentials
  3. Inorganic Salts, Solutions and Reagents - Essential Chemicals
  4. Gas in Solutions 气体溶液

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