Boron 硼

CAS 7440-42-8 MFCD00134034

化学结构图

7440-42-8
SMILES: [B]

化学属性

Mol. FormulaB
Mol. Weight10.81
Density2.34
TSCAYes
Melting Point2300 °C
Boiling Point2550 °C at 760 mmHg
SolubilityH2O: soluble
Appearance pieces

别名和识别编码

Chemical NameBoron
Synonym Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {LY} Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {} {LY} Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {} {} {LY} Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {} {} {} {LY} Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {} {} {} {} {LY} Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {} {} {} {} {} {LY} Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} Boron powder, amorphous, APS <5 micron, 94-96%, Mg nominal 1% {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {
MDL NumberMFCD00134034
CAS Number7440-42-8
EC Number231-151-2
PubChem Substance ID5462311
Beilstein Registry Number2384789
Chemical Name Translation
Merck Number13,1333
Wiswesser Line NotationB
LabNetwork Molecule IDLN00194624
InChIInChI=1S/B
Canonical SMILES[B]
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分类

  • {uni_hamburg}
  • {SNA} Electronic Chemicals, Micro/NanoElectronics, Pure Elements, 材料科学
  • {SNA} Boron, Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Synthesis
  • {SNA} Boron Catalysts, Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical Synthesis
  • {SNA} Electronic Chemicals, Materials Science, Micro/NanoElectronics, Pure Elements

产品应用

  • 军事工业中作为抗弹陶瓷材料
  • 高级靶材
  • 涂层及硬化剂
  • 优质合金组分
  • 高技术陶瓷中的组分
  • 金属材料的脱氧剂

相关文献及参考

  • Short: III/14a
  • Short: III/24C
  • Short: III/21a
  • Merck: 14,1343

安全信息

WGK Germany3
GHS Symbol
Hazard statements
  • H302 Harmful if swallowed 吞食有害
Hazard Codes F,Xn Xn Xn,F
RTECSED7350000
Personal Protective Equipment dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
Signal word Warning
Safety Statements
  • S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes 避免皮肤和眼睛接触;
Risk Statements
  • R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
  • R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed 吸入和不慎吞咽有害
  • R22 Harmful if swallowed 吞咽有害
  • R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin 对眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤有刺激性
  • R37 Irritating to respiratory system 刺激呼吸道
  • R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility 有削弱生殖能力的危险
  • R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child 可能危害未出生婴儿
UN Number UN 3178 4.1/PG 2 UN3178
Precautionary statements
  • P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. 远离热源/火花/明火/热的表面。——禁止吸烟。
  • P262 Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. 不要接触眼睛,皮肤或衣服。
Packing GroupIII
Hazard Class4.1
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 560 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)  V.1-    1936-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(11),11,1970

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 11 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(2),42,1991

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 7 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya.  Labor Hygiene and
   Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
   V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(2),42,1991

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION           : 300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya.  For English translation, see HYSAAV.  (V/O
   Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, U

Storage condition RT, stored under nitrogen {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen Store at room temperature, keep dry and cool {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {LY} RT, stored under nitrogen {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {

其他信息

  • 资源:硼的地壳丰度为9×10-4%,海水中含硼48×10-5%。已发现约150多种硼矿,主要有硼砂矿、硼酸矿、硼酸盐矿、硅硼酸盐矿等。天然硼砂矿(Na2O·B2O3·10H2O) 主要产于干旱地区盐湖和干盐湖的蒸发沉积物及淤泥中,与石盐、天然碱、无水芒硝、钾芒硝、石膏等共生,在干旱地区还呈硼霜产于土壤表面;硼镁石(2MgO·B2O3·H2O),产于侵入体及镁质石灰岩或白云岩的接触带中,与硼镁铁矿等无水硼酸盐矿物、金云母、硅镁石等共生; 硼镁铁矿( (MgFe)2Fe (BO3)O2),产于蛇纹化石白云石大理岩或镁矽卡岩中,常与磁铁矿、硅镁石、透辉石、金云母等共生。此外,还有硬硼钙石 (2CaO·3B2O3·10H2O),碱性干盐湖往往沉积有硼酸盐矿。 世界硼酸盐储量约335~748Mt,资源分布很集中,仅美国和土耳其便占世界硼总储量的95%。中国青海、西藏和辽宁(营口、凤城、宽甸、集安)都有丰富的硼
  • Alfa Aesar:硼片,晶状,20mm(0.8in)&down;,99.5%(metalsbasis) Boron pieces, crysta
  • 呈黑色固体粉末。其熔点为2360℃,沸点约为2700℃,比重为2.4,莫氏硬度为9.3.空气中加热至900℃燃烧,在850℃下与熔融碳酸钠及氢氧化钠完全反应,生成硼酸盐。与水不反应,在高温下,它可与大多金属反应生成对应的硼化物。
  • 参考质量标准:参考标准 指标名称杂质最高含量/% 指标 4N 5N 镍(Ni) 1×10 -4 1×10 -5 铝(A1) 5×10 -4 1×10 -4 铁(Fe) 5×10 -4 1×10 -4 锰(Mn) 1×10 -4 1×10 -5 镁(Mg) 5×10 -4 5×10 -5 钛(Ti) 5×10 -5 2×10 -5 钴(Co) 1×10 -4 1×10 -5 银(Ag) 5×10 -4 1×10 -5 铬(Cr) 5×10 -4 1×10 -5 钡(Ba) 1×10 -4 5×10 -5 铋(Bi) - 1×10 -5 磷(P) 2×10 -4 5×10 -5 铜(Cu) 1×10 -4 5×10 -4 铅(Pb) 1×10 -4 5×10 -5 镉(Cd) - 5×10 -5 锌(Zn) 1×10 -4 5×10 -5 铊(T1) 1×10 -4 5×10 -5 铟(In) 1×10 -4 5×10 -5
  • 类别:有毒物质
  • 可燃性危险特性:在空气中硼尘易燃; 与氯气或氟气接触室温可自燃
  • Sigma Aldrich:7440-42-8(sigmaaldrich)
  • 储运特性:库房通风低温干燥, 密闭, 与PBO, NA2O2, NOx,KNO2,OF2,FNO2, NH3, BR等分开存放
  • 应用与用途:硼在玻璃搪瓷工业、航天航空工业、核工业、冶金工业等部门都有广泛的应用。硼纤维强度高(室温下断裂强度达2744~3430MPa)、弹性模量高(39200~411600MPa),是优良的增强材料。硼纤维与金属(铝、镁、钛等)、各种树脂(环氧树脂、聚胺等)和陶瓷制成的复合材料,是优良的高温结构材料。这种高温结构材料用于军事工业和航天航空工业,如硼纤维增强铝基复合材料、硼纤维增强钛基复合材料用于制造航空发动机的压气叶片、风扇和飞机、卫星的耐热部件。硼化钛颗粒增强体陶瓷具有优良的耐磨性和高的韧性(可达10MPa·m1/2以上),被用来制造加热设备和点火装置的电导部件和超高温工作条件下的耐磨结构件。硼化锆陶瓷用于火箭喷管和高温发热元件。硼是热中子堆理想的控制材料,天然硼具有足够大的中子吸收截面,可直接用作反应堆控制材料。10B(n,a)7Li反应的热中子吸收截面大,可用作反应堆的中子吸收剂和屏蔽材料。硼钢、碳化硼、硼硅玻璃等以棒材、板材或水溶液等形式用作各种反应堆的控制材料。10BF3用于制作中子计数器。硼在高温下性质特别活泼,容易与氮、氧作用,在冶金工业中用作除气剂和改善金属晶粒结构的添加剂。硼铁、硼硅、硼铝、硼镍等广泛用于炼制合金结构钢、弹簧钢、低合金高强度钢、耐热钢、不锈钢等。硼可提高铸铁的韧性、耐磨性,含硼铸铁广泛用于汽车、拖拉机、机床等制造业。元素硼还用作烯族有机物的聚合、脱氢反应的催化剂,硼化镧陶瓷用作电子装置的阴极材料,单晶LaB6用作场致发射体的大功率管、磁控管的阴极材料。硼酸锂单晶用于制造远红外、可见光及紫外波段高功率脉冲激光的倍频、和频、参量振荡和放大器以及腔内倍频器。

系列性分类


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