Iodine 碘(易涉毒)

CAS 7553-56-2 MFCD00011355

化学结构图

7553-56-2
SMILES: II

化学属性

Mol. FormulaI{2}
Mol. Weight253.81
Boiling Point185
Melting Point113
Density1.034
TSCAYes
Flash PointNone
Vapor Density9 (vs air)
Vapor Pressure0.31 mmHg ( 25 °C)
Solubility0.3 G/L (20 ºC)
Appearance particles (round)
Stability对光敏感

别名和识别编码

Chemical NameIodine
CAS Number7553-56-2
EC Number231-442-4
Beilstein Registry Number3587194
MDL NumberMFCD00011355
Reaxys-RN3587194
PubChem Substance ID807
Merck Number5014
Synonym Actomar Diatomic iodine Eranol I (iodine) I2 (iodine) IODE Iod-Iodid Iodine {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} { {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {} {
Chemical Name Translation碘(易涉毒)
Wiswesser Line NotationI2
LabNetwork Molecule IDLN00221523
InChIInChI=1S/I2/c1-2
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分类

  • {SNA} Electronic Chemicals, I, Materials Science, Metal and Ceramic S
  • {SNA} G - M,
  • {SNA} Halogenated Concentrates,
  • {
  • {SNA} C-X Bond Formation (Halogen), Chemical Synthesis, Iodination, Synthetic Reagents
  • {SNA} C-X Bond Formation (Halogen), Chemical Synthesis, Electronic Chemicals, Iodination, Materials Science,

产品应用

  • 用于ICP-AES、AAS、AFS、ICP-MS、离子色谱等。滴定分析用标准溶液。

相关文献及参考

  • Secondary, tertiary or benzylic alcohols can be converted directly to the corresponding iodides by simply refluxing with iodine in petroleum ether: Tetrahedron Lett., 36, 609 (1995).
  • The stereochemistry of the iodolactonization of unsaturated acids to give -lactones can be controlled in some cases. Using I2_-_NaHCO3, the product is under kinetic control, but in acetonitrile, without base, the reaction is reversible and therefore under thermodynamic control. For tabulated results, see: Org. Synth. Coll, 7, 164 (1990):
  • Iodine is also a useful mild oxidant, e.g. of aldehydes to acids in alkaline medium: Tetrahedron Lett., 33, 4329 (1992); in DMSO, stilbenes and diaryl acetylenes give benzils: Synthesis, 131 (1991); with hydrogen peroxide, hydroquinones are oxidized to quinones: J. Org. Chem., 54, 718 (1989).
  • Short: II/24A
  • For use in the functionalization of remote positions (Barton reaction), see Lead(IV)­ acetate, A15551.
  • Merck: 14,5014
  • For use in hydroboration and reduction reactions, see Sodium borohydride, 35788.
  • Iodolactamisation of amides can similarly be achieved by prior silylation: J. Org. Chem., 53, 4006 (1988); Org. Synth. Coll., 9, 516 (1998):
  • Efficient catalyst for the formation of 1,1-diacetates from aldehydes and acetic anhydride: J. Org. Chem., 62, 1563 (1997).

安全信息

GHS Symbol
WGK Germany2
Hazard Codes 8 Xn;N
Hazard statements
  • H302 Harmful if swallowed 吞食有害
  • H312 Harmful in contact with skin 皮肤接触有害
  • H312+H332
  • H315 Causes skin irritation 会刺激皮肤
  • H319 Causes serious eye irritation 严重刺激眼睛
  • H331 Toxic if inhaled 吸入中毒
  • H332 Harmful if inhaled 吸入有害
  • H335 May cause respiratory irritation 可能导致呼吸道刺激
  • H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure 长期或频繁接触会损伤器官
  • H373 May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure 长期或频繁接触可能会损伤器官
  • H400 Verytoxictoaquaticlife 对水生生物毒性非常大。
Personal Protective Equipment Faceshields, Gloves, Goggles Eyeshields, Gloves, half-mask respirator (US), multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US) Eyeshields, Gloves, half-mask respirator (EU), half-mask respirator (US), multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US) Eyeshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US), type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, Goggles, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US), type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
RTECSNN1575000
Precautionary statements
  • P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
  • P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 避免吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
  • P262 Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. 不要接触眼睛,皮肤或衣服。
  • P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 处理后要彻底洗净双手。
  • P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. 使用本产品时不要吃东西,喝水或吸烟。
  • P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.? 只能在室外或通风良好的地方使用。
  • P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. 污染的工作服不得带出工作场所。
  • P273 Avoid release to the environment. 避免释放到环境中。
  • P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
  • P284 Wear respiratory protection.? 佩戴呼吸保护装置。
  • P301+P312
  • P302+P352
  • P303+P361+P353
  • P304+P312
  • P304+P340
  • P305+P351+P338
  • P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. 立即呼救解毒中心或医生/医师。
  • P312 Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. 如果你感觉不适,呼叫解毒中心或医生/医师。
  • P314 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. 获取医疗咨询/就医,如果你觉得不舒服
  • P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see … on this label). 紧急具体治疗(见本标签上的)。
  • P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). 具体治疗(见本标签上的)。
  • P322 Specific measures (see …on this label). 具体治疗(见本标签上的)。
  • P330 Rinse mouth. 漱口
  • P332+P313
  • P333+P313
  • P337+P313
  • P362 Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. 脱掉污染的衣服,清洗后方可重新使用
  • P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. 被污染的衣服洗净后方可重新使用。
  • P391 Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment 收集对水环境有危害的泄漏物。
  • P403+P233
  • P405 Store locked up. 上锁保管。
  • P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 处理内容物/容器.....
Signal word Danger Warning
UN Number 1759/1760 2923 UN 2056 3/PG 2
Safety Statements
  • S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer) 不要吸入气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾;
  • S24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes 避免皮肤和眼睛接触;
  • S25 Avoid contact with eyes 避免眼睛接触;
  • S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice 眼睛接触后,立即用大量水冲洗并征求医生意见;
  • S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves 穿戴适当的防护服和手套;
  • S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection 穿戴适当的防护服、手套和眼睛/面保护;
  • S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet 避免释放到环境中,参考特别指示/安全收据说明书;
Risk Statements
  • R20/21 Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin 吸入及与皮肤接触有害
  • R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 吸入、皮肤接触和不慎吞咽有害
  • R50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms 对水生生物极毒
Packing GroupIII
Hazard Class8/6.1
Storage condition Store at RT. 储存温度2-8℃ 密封阴凉避光保存。 密封阴凉避光保存。充氩保存 室温储存 储存温度2-8℃,避光保存。
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOS

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 22 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   DRFUD4 Drugs of the Future.  (J.R. Prous, S.A., Apartado de Correos 540,
   08080 Barcelona, Spain) V.1-    1975/76-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   4,876,1979

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : >8650 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs).  (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo,
   Japan)  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,1226,1990

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION           : 26 mg/kg/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Endocrine - evidence of thyroid hyperfunction
REFERENCE :
   PGMJAO Postgraduate Medical Journal.  (Blackwell Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB
   88, Oxford, UK) V.1-    1925-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 62,661,1986

TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
   Ger. Dem. Rep.)  Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1289,1935

TYPE OF TEST            : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/

TYPE OF

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 2750 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
REFERENCE :
   JONUAI Journal of Nutrition.  (Subscription Dept., 9650 Rockville Pike,
   Bethesda, MD 20014) V.1-    1928-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 84,107,1964

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE                    : 1100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
   per # born alive)
REFERENCE :
   JONUAI Journal of Nutrition.  (Subscription Dept., 9650 Rockville Pike,
   Bethesda, MD 20014) V.1-    1928-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 84,107,1964

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE                    : 15 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 30-31 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
   per # born alive)
   Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
   gain)
REFERENCE :
   JONUAI Journal of Nutrition.  (Subscription Dept., 9650 Rockville Pike,
   Bethesda, MD 20014) V.1-    1928-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 87,394,1965

其他信息

  • 毒性:碘蒸气强烈刺激眼睛、皮肤和呼吸器官,长时间接触碘或吸入碘蒸气,可引起咳嗽、流鼻涕。流泪、发烧、头痛、结膜炎、腮腺肿
  • 用途一:用于配制当量溶剂、测定碘价、标定硫代硫酸钠溶液浓度,溶液可作消毒剂,照相制版中用于碘剂和减薄液配制
  • 灭火剂:水、砂土
  • 储运特性:库房通风低温干燥; 与氧化剂分开储运
  • {Chemic
  • 用途十:主要用作消毒剂。碘化物用作食物补碘剂(慎用!遵医嘱)以及用于制染料、分析试剂等。用于ICP-AES、AAS、AFS、ICP-MS、离子色谱等。滴定分析用标准溶液。
  • 参考质量标准一:参考标准 杂质最高含量/% 指标 不挥发物 1×10 -2 氯及溴(以Cl计) 3×10 -3 铁(Fe) 5×10 -4 镁(Mg) 1×10 -4 镓(Ca) 1×10 -4 铋(Bi) 1×10 -4 铝(A1) 5×10 -4 钙(Ca) 5×10 -4 钴(Co) 1×10 -4 锰(Mn) 1×10 -4 铬(Cr) 1×10 -4 锡(Sn) 1×10 -4 镍(Ni) 1×10 -4 钛(Ti) 1×10 -4 银
  • 职业标准:TWA 1 毫克/立方米; STEL 2 毫克/立方米
  • 毒性分级:低毒
  • 食品添加剂最大允许使用量最大允许残留量标准:添加剂中文名称 允许使用该种添加剂的食品中文名称 添加剂功能 最大允许使用量(g/kg) 最大允许残留量(g/kg) 碘 运动营养食品 营养强化剂 22.5-100μg
  • 蒸气密度:9 (vs air)
  • Sigma Aldrich:7553-56-2(sigmaaldrich)
  • MSDS 信息:碘(7553-56-2).msds
  • 方法二:离子交换法将海带加13~15倍量的水浸泡两遍,浸泡液含碘量达0.5~0.55 g/L。因浸泡液含有大量褐藻糖胶和其他杂质,需加碱除去,加入36%~40%液碱,经充分搅拌,使Ph为12,澄清8h以上。上部清液送至酸化槽,加入盐酸调节Ph在1.5~2,然后送入氧化罐,通氯气进行氧化使碘游离,通过717 # 离子交换树脂吸附,加入亚硫酸钠解吸,把得到含碘解吸液加入氯酸钾、硫酸后使碘析出,将粗碘加热至150℃以上,加入浓硫酸进行熔融精制,经冷却结晶、粉碎,制得碘成品。其 2I - +Cl2→12+2Cl - SO3 2- +I2+H2O→SO4 2- +2H + +2I - C1O3 - +6I - +6H^ +>;→3I2+3H2O+Cl ->; 通过离子交换柱的废碘水用以提取甘露醇。 空气吹出法将含碘制盐母液加入盐酸进行酸化,控制Ph在1~2,经预热至40℃左右,送入氧化器,同时通入适量氯气,使料液中的碘离子氧化为碘分子,将此氧化液送至吹出塔,从上部均匀淋下,从吹出塔下部通人预热至40℃的空气,将碘吹出,含碘空气进入吸收塔,由塔上部喷淋下的二氧化硫水溶液吸收,并被还原生成氢碘酸。当吸收液浓度达到含碘约150 g/L时,即送人碘析器,在不断搅动下,缓慢通入氯气,使碘游离沉淀,经过滤、加入浓硫酸熔融精制,冷却结晶、粉碎,制得碘成品。其 2I - +C12→I2+2CI - I2+SO2+2H2O→2HI+H2SO4 2HI+C12→12+2HCl
  • 类别:易燃液体
  • 防护措施:碘蒸气强烈刺激眼睛、皮肤和呼吸器官,长时间接触碘或吸入碘蒸气,可引起咳嗽、流鼻涕、流泪、发烧、头痛、结膜炎、腮腺肿大、支气管炎、鼻炎、复视、皮肤红斑,皮肤粘膜出现水泡。重者则发生呕吐、腹泻、尿中出现蛋白和血红蛋白。 碘蒸气中毒时,应立即离开现场,到室外呼吸新鲜空气,吸入5%硫代硫酸钠或2%碳酸氢钠溶液;再用2%碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤鼻、口、喉部;眼痛时,可用纯水洗涤,并滴入2~3滴盐酸可卡因。碘溅到皮肤上时,应立即用硫代硫酸钠溶液洗除;经过口腔中毒时,应迅速饮服淀粉糊、牛乳、牛奶、鸡蛋或稀硫代硫酸钠水溶液。 空气中碘的最高容许浓度为1mg/m3。 生产设备要求密闭,生产环境要通风良好。工人在工作
  • 人体必须的微量元素:碘是人体必须的微量元素之一,是维持人体正常新陈代谢所不可缺少的物质,成人体内约含有20~50mg,分布在肌肉、甲状腺、皮肤、骨骼、中枢神经系统及血浆中。碘是合成甲状腺激素的主要原料

系列性分类


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