CAS 75-05-8 MFCD00001878-Acetonitrile 乙腈 -LabNovo

Acetonitrile 乙腈

CAS 75-05-8 MFCD00001878

化学结构图

SMILES: CC#N

化学属性

Mol. Formula	C2H3N
Mol. Weight	41
Refractive index	1.3430 to 1.3460
Boiling Point	81-82
Density	0.786
Melting Point	-48
Flash Point	10°C(lit.)
TSCA	Yes
Autoignition Point	973 °F
Vapor Density	1.41 (vs air)
Vapor Pressure	72.8 mmHg
Solubility	MISCIBLE
Appearance	liquid
Danger-Level	甲类

别名和识别编码

Chemical Name	Acetonitrile
Synonym	Ethyl nitrile Methane, cyano- Methanecarbonitrile Methyl cyanide RCRA waste number U003
CAS Number	75-05-8
PubChem Substance ID	87561760
EC Number	200-835-2
Beilstein Registry Number	741857
MDL Number	MFCD00001878
Reaxys-RN	741857
Merck Number	70
Chemical Name Translation	乙腈
Wiswesser Line Notation	NC1
LabNetwork Molecule ID	LN00162999
InChI	InChI=1S/C2H3N/c1-2-3/h1H3

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产品应用

乙腈最主要的用途是作溶剂。在石油工业中用于从石油烃中除去焦油、酚等物质的溶剂。在油脂工业中用作从动植物油中抽提脂肪酸的溶剂，在医药上用于甾族类药物的再结晶的反应介质。乙腈是医药（维生素B1），香料的中间体，是制造均三嗪氮肥增效剂的原料。也用作酒精的变性剂。此外，还可以用于合成乙胺、乙酸等，并在织物染色、照明工业中也有许多用途。

安全信息

GHS Symbol

WGK Germany2

Hazard Codes 3 F,Xi,Xn,T

Hazard statements

H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour 高度易燃液体和蒸气
H302 Harmful if swallowed 吞食有害
H302+H312+H332
H319 Causes serious eye irritation 严重刺激眼睛
H332 Harmful if inhaled 吸入有害

Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US), type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

RTECSAL7700000

Precautionary statements

P201 Obtain special instructions before use. 使用前获取专门指示。
P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. 已阅读并理解所有的安全预防措施之前，切勿操作。
P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. 远离热源/火花/明火/热的表面。——禁止吸烟。
P233 Keep container tightly closed. ?保持容器密闭。
P240 Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. 与地面接触/连接集装箱和接受设备。
P241+P242+P243
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 处理后要彻底洗净双手。
P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. 使用本产品时不要吃东西，喝水或吸烟。
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.? 只能在室外或通风良好的地方使用。
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
P302+P352+P312+P361+P364
P304+P340+P312
P305+P351+P338
P305+P351+P338+P337+P313
P308+P311
P403+P235
P405 Store locked up. 上锁保管。
P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 处理内容物/容器.....

Signal word Danger

Safety Statements

S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking 远离火源，禁止吸烟；
S36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves 穿戴适当的防护服和手套；

Risk Statements

R10 Flammable 易燃
R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
R20/21/22 Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 吸入、皮肤接触和不慎吞咽有害
R20/22 Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed 吸入和不慎吞咽有害
R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 吸入，皮肤接触及吞食都有毒
R24 Toxic in contact with skin 与皮肤接触有毒
R36 Irritating to eyes 刺激眼睛
R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin 对眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤有刺激性
R41 Risk of serious damage to eyes 有严重损伤眼睛的危险

UN Number 1648

Packing GroupII

Storage condition 密封阴凉处保存。 2-8°C 免阳光和紫外线照射，4℃下冷藏保存充氩保存

Hazard Class3

TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 400 ppm/6H/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
   Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
   NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series.  (Research
   Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206-  Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-447,1996

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 3500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single
   Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects,
   GKNT, 1982  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,16,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 1100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single
   Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects,
   GKNT, 1982  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,16,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 4480 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single
   Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects,
   GKNT, 1982  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,16,1982

TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 850 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   JOCMA7 Journal of Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL)  V.1-9,    1957-67.
   For publisher information, see:JJOMDZ  Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,634,1959

TYPE OF TEST

{ha

TYPE OF TEST            : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM             : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION           : 131 ppm
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 259,165,1991

TYPE OF TEST            : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
TEST SYSTEM             : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DOSE/DURATION           : 47600 ppm
REFERENCE :
   MUREAV Mutation Research.  (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
   Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1-    1964-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 149,339,1985

TYPE OF TEST            : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM             : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 gm/L
REFERENCE :
   EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis.  (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
   11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.10-    1987-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   10(Suppl 10),1,1987

TYPE OF TEST            : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE                    : 400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION            : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,313,1983

TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE                    : 8000 ppm/1H
SEX/DURATION            : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
   e.g., stunted fetus)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,313,1983

TYPE OF TEST            : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - hamster
DOSE                    : 5000 ppm/1H
SEX/DURATION            : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
   resorbed implants per total number of implants)
   Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
REFERENCE :
   TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
   R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003)  V.1-    1968-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,313,1983

TYPE OF TEST            :

Restrict 危险品

其他信息

乙腈价格(试剂级):更新日期产品编号产品名称包装价格 2011/08/23 80000691 乙腈;甲基氰;氰甲烷 500ml 150元 2011/08/23 80000618 乙腈;甲基氰;氰甲烷 500ml 25元 2011/08/23
方法二:乙腈的生产方法很多，其中工业生产的主要有醋酸氨化法、乙炔氨化法和丙烯氨氧化副产法等。1.醋酸氨化法以醋酸、氨为原料，在三氧化二铝催化剂作用下，在360-420℃温度下，进行反应，一步合成乙腈，反应液经吸水和精馏即得成品。原料消耗定额：乙酸（98%）1763kg/t、液氨（99.5%）691kg/t。2.乙炔氨化法以乙炔、氨为原料，以三氧化二铝催化剂，　在500-600℃温度下，一步反应合成乙腈。原料消耗定额：乙炔10231m3、液氨（99.4%）1007kg/t。3.丙烯氨氧化副产法以丙烯、氨和空气为原料，通过催化剂合成丙烯腈时，同时副产乙腈。每吨丙烯腈可副产25-100kg乙腈。4.由乙酰胺与五氧化二磷脱水而得。5.由硫酸二甲酯与氰化钠作用而得。
方法一:乙腈通常是氨氧化法制备丙烯腈的副产，也可用乙酸氨化法，以三氧化铝为催化剂，于360℃反应一步合
Sigma Aldrich:75-05-8(sigmaaldrich)
外观性质:无色液体，有刺激性气味。
毒性分级:高毒
最简单的有机腈:乙腈是最简单的有机腈，通常也叫氰化甲烷和甲基腈，室温下为无色透明液体，极易挥发，有类似于醚的特殊气味，易燃，燃烧时伴有明亮的火焰。与水、甲醇、四氯化碳、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、二氯乙烷及许多非饱和烃类溶剂互溶。有毒，可以代谢成为氰化氢及硫氰酸。乙腈具有优良的溶剂性能，是一个重要的有机中间体。并广泛用作极性非质子溶剂。乙腈最大的用途就是做溶剂，可用于
TCI Shanghai:乙腈[用于高效液相色谱的溶剂] Acetonitrile [for HPLC Solvent],>;99.5%(GC)(75-05-8)
图谱信息:乙腈(75-05-8)核磁图( 1 HNMR) 乙腈(75-05-8)质谱(MS) 乙腈(75-05-8)红外图谱(IR1) 乙腈(75-05-8)Raman光谱乙腈(75-05-8)核磁图( 13 CNMR)
MSDS 信息:乙腈(75-05-8).msds
有轻微醚气味。有毒。燃烧时发光火焰。能与水、乙醚、甲醇、丙酮、氯仿、四氯化碳、氯化乙烯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酰胺溶液和许多不饱和烃混溶，不能与饱和烃混溶。能溶解一些无机盐类，如硝酸银、硝酸锂和溴化镁等。能与水形成共沸混合物(含水16%)
产品特性:乙腈亦称甲基腈，常温常压下为无色液体,带芳香气味，但久闻则可致嗅觉疲劳而不易感知其存在。易挥发，24℃时，蒸气压为11.53kPa，蒸气密度1.42g/L，在空气中的饱和浓度为9.6%（20℃，101.31kPa），饱和空气密度为1.04g/L；溶于水，亦易与乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、氯仿、四氯化碳、氯乙烯以及许多非饱和烃类溶剂等混溶，水溶液不稳定，可水解为醋酸和氨；乙腈受热则可释出HCN。有毒！
F:9
职业标准:TWA 70 毫克/立方米; STEL 105 毫克/立方米
类别:易燃液体
海关编码:29269095
急性毒性:口服- 大鼠 LD50: 2730 毫克/ 公斤; 口服- 小鼠 LD50: 269 毫克/ 公斤
存储注意事项:湿度敏感;氮气保护
用途四:乙腈最主要的用途是作溶剂。如作为抽提丁二烯的溶剂，合成纤维的溶剂和某些特殊涂料的溶剂。在石油工业中用于从石油烃中除去焦油、酚等物质的溶剂。在油脂工业中用作从动植物油中抽提脂肪酸的溶剂，在医药上用于甾族类药物的再结晶的反应介质。在需要高介电常数的极性溶剂时常常使用乙腈与水形成的二元共沸混合物：含乙腈84%，沸点76℃。乙腈是医药（维生素B1），香料的中间体，是制造均三嗪氮肥增效剂的原料。也用作酒精的变性剂。此外，还可以用于合成乙胺、乙酸等，并在织物染色、照明工业中也有许多用途。
上游原料:硫酸 --> 氢氧